How Long Does Tritium Last and What Affects Its Lifespan?
Tritium lighting is widely used in military markers, compasses and long-duration emergency devices because it glows continuously without power. One of the most common questions is how long does tritium last and how its brightness changes over time.
This guide explains the science behind tritium decay, typical lifespan expectations and what happens when tritium illumination reaches end-of-life.
What Determines Tritium Lifespan?
Tritium is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen that naturally loses energy over time. This process is called radioactive decay, and it follows a predictable curve. As the tritium decays, its glow slowly becomes dimmer.
Key facts:
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Tritium has a half-life of 12.3 years
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Brightness drops gradually, not suddenly
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The glow remains visible long after initial output decreases
For a technical explanation of how Tritium works in illumination, see our article Tritium Lighting Explained.
Typical Lifespan of Tritium Devices
Most tritium lighting systems remain usable for 10 to 25 years, depending on vial size and initial gas quantity.
| Tritium Device Type | Expected Lifespan | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Small markers | 10 to 12 years | Used in compact tools |
| Compasses | 12 to 15 years | Mid-sized vials |
| Tactical markers | 15 to 20 years | Higher tritium volume |
| Large wayfinding vials | 20 to 25 years | Maximum longevity |
Tritium brightness decreases slowly but predictably. Even when dim, it often remains visible in dark environments late into its service life.
Typical Lifespan shown in graph
Why Tritium Gets Dimmer Over Time
As tritium decays, fewer electrons are released to excite the phosphor coating inside the vial.
This results in:
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Gradual brightness reduction
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No maintenance required
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Stable, predictable performance for many years
If your tritium device is getting dim, it is likely reaching the later stage of its natural lifespan.
Tritium vs LED Lifespan
Tritium and LED lighting serve different purposes, but many users compare their longevity.
| Feature | Tritium | LED |
|---|---|---|
| Lifespan | 10 to 25 years | 35,000 to 100,000 hours |
| Power source | None | Requires power |
| Brightness change | Gradual dimming | Gradual dimming (L70) |
| Use case | Markers and safety | Task lighting |
What Happens After Tritium Reaches End-of-Life?
When the glow becomes too weak to be useful, the device should be disposed of through regulated channels.
Proper disposal ensures:
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Capsules remain contained
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Tritium is safely collected
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No material enters general waste streams
Summary
So, how long does tritium last?
Most tritium lighting devices provide 10 to 25 years of continuous glow depending on vial size and application. Tritium fades slowly but remains reliable for long-term, maintenance-free illumination, especially in tactical environments where always-on visibility is essential.
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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Most devices remain useful for 10 to 25 years. Brightness fades gradually as tritium decays.
No. Tritium glows naturally and requires no power source throughout its lifespan.
It will still glow faintly, but most devices fall below practical brightness after 20 to 25 years.
